PRODUCTION, CHARACTERISTICS AND USE OF …
This paper deals with formation of slag in smelt-ing process, its chemical composition, physical and structural characteristics, utilization and product speci-fications as well as environmental …
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The preparation and formation mechanism of ferrochrome slag …
Ferrochrome slag (FCS) is a common by-product generated during the sintering process of chromite in a submerged arc furnace, where temperatures can reach as high as 1700 ℃. The residual slag, separated from the alloy, is typically disposed of using stacking or landfill methods as solid waste [1], [2], [3]. In practical applications, air ...
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ESTIMATION OF SLAG IN FERROCHROMIUM for TMS …
Slag is inherent in the process. It has a much lower density than the metallic FeCr. Some chrome may be trapped in the slag as either FeCr or Cr2O3. Previous methods to estimate the slag in the FeCr have revolved around separating the slag and metallic portions by exploiting the differences in density. The downside with that procedure is
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Fundamentals of Ferrochrome (FeCr) Alloy and Its Slag
In this chapter, the fundamentals of ferrochrome slag chemistry are discussed. Results obtained by different workers are cited and thermodynamics models used by different …
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RU2181778C1
FIELD: metallurgy, namely slag processing methods. SUBSTANCE: method comprises steps of crushing slag; separating crushed slag by screening according to particle size no less than (3-5) mm; then subjecting undersize product to pneumatic classifying with separating metallic concentrate and subjecting oversize product of screening and slag product from settling …
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Ferrochrome slag: A critical review of its properties, …
Ferrochrome slag (FCS) is a by-product of ferrochrome industries and is produced during the extraction of ferrochrome from chromite ore. The chemical composition of FCS comprises of 27–33% SiO2 ...
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Effect of sintering behavior and phase evolution on glass …
In this study, solid wastes from the industrial sector, namely ferrochrome slag (Fs) and fluorite tailings (Ft), were employed for the preparation of glass-ceramics by the sintering method. Three glasses were prepared by using the melt-quenching method, with a weight ratio of 60∼70 % Fs and 40∼30 % Ft (designated S30, S35, and S40, where ...
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Comprehensive Characterization of Ferrochrome Slag and Ferrochrome …
Ferrochrome slag that has been water-cooled is present in granulated form with grain sizes that are similar to natural sand. Ferrochrome slag is a derivative of the manufacturing of ferrochrome, an alloy of Cr (chromium) and Fe (iron) with chromium by 51–69 percent of the mass and varying proportions of Fe (iron), C (carbon), and others [18 ...
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Design of a ferrochrome slag mechanical separator case …
This research focused on the design of a ferrochrome – slag mechanical separator for a company in Harare, Zimbabwe. The company's current production is 420 tonnes of alloy per month.
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Magnesium recovery from ferrochrome slag: kinetics and …
The ever-increasing demand for ferrochrome alloys has resulted in a substantial accumulation of ferrochrome slag by-products in many mining areas. ... The extraction methods used in recovering metals such as Mg from slag materials are cheap compared to technologies adopted to recover Mg from primary sources which include the Pidgeon process and ...
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Ferrochrome
High Carbon Ferrochrome Technology. Johan Basson, Jorma Daavittila, in Handbook of Ferroalloys, 2013. 9.1.1 High Carbon Ferrochrome and Its Production Base. High carbon ferrochrome represents a group of alloys with a chromium content typically between 60% and 70% and a carbon content typically between 4% and 6%. To meet this specification the alloy …
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Characteristics of ferrochrome slag aggregate and its uses …
Characteristics of ferrochrome slag aggregate and its uses as a green material in concrete – A review ... Generally, the rapid water-cooling method produces smaller (≤5 mm) dark-colored grains with a ... The residual chromium depends largely on the ore quality as well as the efficiency of the smelting process. Typically, Cr 2 O 3 is ...
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Ferroalloy Refining Process
In this process, the premelted chromium-lime melt and silico-chromium alloy are charged into the ladle outside the furnace, to generate extra-low-carbon ferrochrome. This process was invented by R. Perrin in 1938, who is a French scientist, and later, this method was named as Perrin process.
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Exploring beneficial uses of ferrochrome slag: A case …
The FeCr slag products are granulated slag as well as classified slag products made by crushing and screening. A granule is tight and crystalline; typically, the granulated slag includes three
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Ferrochrome slag: A critical review of its properties, …
This paper summarizes the chromium pollution caused by ferrochrome industries, current remediation method adopted by ferrochrome industries, and the possible new methods …
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Comprehensive Characterization of Ferrochrome Slag and …
In a nutshell, this study provides a thorough and critical examination of ferrochrome slag and ferrochrome ash's suitability for construction, as well as a list of the major …
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PRODUCTION, CHARACTERISTICS AND USE OF …
2.2 Ferrochrome slag products The ferrochrome slag products are granulated slag as well as classified slag products made by crushing and screening. The main part of slag is granulated. The cr ushed and screened slag products are produced from air cooled lumpy slag which is collected from various process phases, e.g. from ladles and launders.
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Ferrochrome
High-carbon ferrochrome is mainly used as alloying agent for bearing steel, tool steel, and high-speed steel with high-carbon content, additive agent for cast iron, chromium containing raw material for producing silicochromium, as well as medium-, low-, and extra-low-carbon ferrochrome by slag-free method, raw materials for producing chromium metal by …
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Exploring beneficial uses of ferrochrome slag: A case …
ferrochrome slag: A case study of a South African Ferrochrome industry FF Mugivhi ... In-vitro extraction methods used to measure the degree to which a substance (e.g., metal or ... waste generated by a particular process from the definition of waste; or (iv) where the Minister has, in the prescribed manner, excluded any waste stream or a ...
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Value Extraction from Ferrochrome Slag: A …
During the smelting of ferrochrome slag in a submerged arc furnace to produce high alumina fused refractory slag and the Fe–Si–Cr–Al alloy, various process parameters affect the final product's quality and recovery.
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Ferrochrome slag: A critical review of its properties, …
Physical methods generally utilize leachable chromium removal during the jigging process (Erdem et al., 2005) using water, while the chemical methods involve the use of additives such as ferrous sulphate (FeS), zero-valent Fe nano particles (Fe 0), calcium polysulfide …
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Value Extraction from Ferrochrome Slag: A Thermochemical …
The high-carbon ferrochrome production process generates slag approximately 1.1–1.6 times that from alloy production. Naturally, the amount of generated slag is more than the amount of alloy produced. ... and instrumental methods . About 100 gm of the representative sample was ground in a Vibratory Cup Mill to pass a 100-mesh BSS sieve.
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A critical review of the material characteristics, utilizations
Ferrochrome slag is the solid waste generated by the calcination of chromite in a submerged arc furnace, mainly including the preparation of pelletized feed, the calcination …
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ESTIMATION OF SLAG IN FERROCHROMIUM for TMS …
Previous methods to estimate the slag in the FeCr have revolved around separating the slag and metallic portions by exploiting the differences in density. The downside with that procedure is …
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